Defining Abnormality - Towards a definition Essay Example for Free

Defining Abnormality Towards a definition Essay The statistical approach is based on the idea that certain behaviours are statistically rare in the population. If you measure any type of human behaviour you should find that people with varying degrees of the behaviour are normally distributed around the mean. For example there are a lot of people who are of average height but few people who are very small. If we plot a graph of for example IQ scores, It is bell shaped. The majority of individuals are clustered around the mean (the curves highest point). The further you go away from the mean, the fewer people there are. Problems Desirability-some statistically infrequent behaviours, e.g. being a genius are desirable. Cut-off point-who decides at what point you are to be considered abnormal? Statistical Definitions-The Same standards or norms are not relevant to all social groups/ ages/cultures for example in terms of anxiety. Children have more irrational fears than adults. Deviation from social norms Social norms are behaviours that are desirable for both the individual and society as a whole. Deviance from social norms is both undesirable and abnormal. Most mentally Ill people do behave in a socially deviant way but this doesnt mean that you can base clinical abnormality on this theory alone. Moral standards-social norms change over time and basing mental illness on deviation from social norms is dangerous. Context-for example, wearing few items of clothing on the beach is acceptable, on the high street it is not. Sub Cultures-for example in the Mormon religion it is acceptable to have several wives. In England that is a crime called bigamy Good/Bad-in some certain circumstances being socially deviant is a good thing for example in Nazi Germany people who were opposed to Nazism were socially deviant. Collectivistic cultures-cultures which emphasise the greater good of the community rather than focusing on individual achievement would not find the first three characteristics relevant. Difficult-most people would have difficulty fitting all these criteria at most times in their lives. Cultural relativism A limitation to all ways of defining abnormality is that no definition is relevant to all cultures. Also cultures definitions change over time. For example Homosexuality was considered to be a mental disease till the 80s.

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Why Is Managing Inbound Logistics Important To An Organization? Inbound logistics relates to the movement of goods or the materials from suppliers and vendors into manufacturing procedures or storeroom facilities. Inbound logistics basically comprises of two functions that are the purchase of materials and the logistics that are the procurement and planning. The management of inbound logistics is important to organizations for two major reasons, one that relates to the organization and the other that relates to the suppliers and vendors. Of course, reducing costs by effective management of inbound logistics does not mean that suppliers and vendors are effective negatively. There got to be a way where both take advantage of effective management of inbound logistics otherwise there would be costs increment at other instances (Gonzalez, 2002). Managing inbound logistics is important because managing the expenses of movement of goods all the way through the supply chain is an enormous t ask for both the shippers and deliverers.  A particular consignment comprises of both inter and the intra organizational dealings and exchanges. During this interchange and communication, data and information is required by different people in addition to customers, vendors, transporters, customer service agents, secretarial, acquisition, product management, inventory supervision, storehouse administration, and completion. Companies procure transportation services with specific carrier partners that both meet their requirements for price & service and have a solid understanding of the nuances of their business needs.   Additionally, these companies establish business processes and rules of engagement to facilitate the efficient flow of information and m... ..." References Aldrich, D. (1998) The new value chain – Today’s digital age means companies must rethink how they deliver what their customers value. Information Week, September 14, 1998. Gonzalez, Adrian (2002) Inbound logistics drives strong demand for transportation systems Warehousing Management; Radnor McGinnis, Michael A. and Cancro, J. Patrick (2003) â€Å"Logistics Basics for Purchasing and Supply Professionals†, http://www.google.com.pk/search?q=cache:bviDnM1ZSCYJ:www.ism.ws/ResourceArticles/Proceedings/2003/McGinnisHH.pdf+inbound+logistics+important+to+an+organization&hl=en&ie=UTF-8 Rayport, J.F. & Sviokla, J.J. (1995) Exploiting the virtual value chain. Harvard Business Review, 73(6): 75-86. Tyran, Craig K. and James Coakley (2000) Supplemental Class Notes: The Value Chain, http://www2.bus.orst.edu/faculty/coakley/BA471_web/Lectures/Value_Chain_Class_Notes.htm

Review of Parrot in the Oven Essay

Parrot in the Oven: Mi Vida is a coming of age novel written in 1996, by Victor Martinez. The story is set in California and is told from the point-of-view of a fourteen year old, Mexican American boy. Manuel Hernandez, like many young men, struggles with identity. Manny’s life is hard. He has two older siblings and a baby sister. His mother does not work. His father is unemployed and an alcoholic. The main provider and only person in his house that can keep a steady job is his older sister. His older brother cannot hold a job long. As would be expected, Manny’s family lives in the projects. Project life brings its own problems. The Garcia boys live in Manny’s neighborhood. They constantly terrorize and beat him. Manny does not fight back. He realizes that he is outnumbered and too afraid to do anything. This could be one of the reasons Manny joins a boxing club in school, and later joins a gang. Family life is not much better for Manny. Throughout the story Manny deals with an alcoholic father and a borderline obsessive compulsive mother that have both become bitter and resentful. Manny’s brother is rarely home, but when he is he is often drunk. His older sister is resentful that she must carry the family. At one point in the story she gets pregnant and soon loses the baby. Chapter nine shines light on a key aspect of Manny’s character. As the title implies, Manny is naive. He lives in a predominantly Latino community where racial discrimination is non-existent. In this section of the book, Manny’s boss urges his daughter to invite Manny to her birthday party. She reluctantly agrees. Manny tells his brother, Nardo, about the party. Nardo and their sister try to explain to Manny that white people do not usually interact with Mexicans socially; he is most likely being used. Manny does not listen. He is in lust. Needless to say, the party ends badly. A terrible home life, hormones and identity issues lead Manny to gangs. He takes the beating, as a form of initiation, so that he can kiss a girl. He is not entirely sold on the gang culture but feels that he should hang out with the members. On his first run with Eddie, a gang member, he witnesses Eddie assault a woman and steal her purse. At that moment he recognizes that Eddie is the guy that knocked up his sister. Frozen in place, Manny realizes that gang-life is not for him. He goes home and watches his sisters sleep, knowing that although life at home is rough there is nowhere else he would rather be. Parrot in the Oven: Mi Vida exposes many aspects familiar to first- and second-generation Mexican American families. Many young minorities might be able to relate to Manny’s struggles. Even though the book deals with ugly issues like abuse, alcoholism, racism, teen pregnancy and gangs, the book also provides a space for discussion around identity, self-esteem and pride. I would definitely recommend this book to students.

The Secret Of Empathy, Enlightenment, And Internal Growth...

The Secret of Empathy, Enlightenment, and Internal Growth There are two senses of reality: external and internal. External reality is an observable universe, but perspectives differ and thus cause different opinions. To experience internal reality is to confuse one’s own reality with a shared reality, resulting in a loss of empathy and disregarding how others are affected. An external mindset displays an understanding of different opinions in a shared world, whereas with internal mindset a person’s devotion to a belief becomes their private world. When a person is passionate about their beliefs they tend to disregard other perspectives, or live internally. This is a common practice because, depending upon upbringing, different moral values have been instilled in the person. Typically, people will not partake in activities or actions that defy their morality, so they tend to align with others who share similar values. However, people who are unwilling to think beyond the ir own beliefs lose their sense of empathy. The more devoted a person is to their morals, the less empathy they might have. When we look outside ourselves to other perspectives, we can better connect to an external rather than simply an internal reality, approaching the world with an enlightened state of mind capable of both empathy and consistent growth. A less narrow-minded person is capable of accessing an external reality. Typically, it seems that the more devout citizens are more closed-minded. TheyShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesdispute is illustrated in the two types of explanation of human behaviour shown in Figure 1.8. With type 2 positivist explanations illustrated in Figure 1.8, organization theorists have a direct concern with accessing, understanding and describing our internal logic or frame of reference that, it presumes, leads us to behave in the way we do. How and why we behave the way we do is presumed to be an outcome of how we subjectively make sense of or interpret our surroundings. Human behaviour cannot thereforeRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesinevitably uses fottage of cadavers, mutilated and burnt †¢ Lamabaste an entity or concept, one can choose to adopt and acridly acerbic tone †¢ Media conveys information conducive to public debate. If government restricts this, stunt social growth and awareness by limiting information available †¢ China: government blocks web addresses that contain opinions or sentiments that are anything short of in praise of them (online criticism is blocked, limits to what newspapers can print). StillRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . 222 Recruitment and Hiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Filling Vacant Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Attracting a Diverse Workforce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Internal and External Applicants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Contents xi Matching the Applicant to the Position . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 The Selection Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Interviewing the CandidateRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesabout what accounting should be. In response, users of accounting information, management accounting professionals, and system designers may seek to alter the information provided within their organizations to align with such ideals. In this sense, internal accounting changes may be driven by demand-level needs as well as supply-side inXuences. Moreover, forces reXecting broader changes both in structures and processes in businesses, organizations, and society and in contemporary ideas and discoursesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesthere is something that has remained, and continues to remain, relatively constant. With minor variations and stylistic differences, what has not changed in several thousa nd years are the basic skills that lie at the heart of effective, satisfying, growth-producing human relationships. Freedom, dignity, trust, love, and honesty in relationships have always been among the goals of human beings, and the same principles that brought about those outcomes in the eleventh century still bring them about inRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pageson a cockroach sometime and you’ll know which way to classify it. The term â€Å"bug† has many more borderline cases than â€Å"insect† and â€Å"arachnid.† Retaining the familiar but vague term bug in communications among biologists would be an obstacle to the growth of the science. Precision is helpful not only in scientific classification but also with scientific measurement. If scientists measured feet using a notion of feet that varied with each scientists own foot, can you imagine the difficulties? But