Engliash Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Engliash - Essay Example I rushed to school and sneaked into class without being noticed by the teacher. When I got into the class, I started sipping my coffee slowly. I would peep through the window to make sure there was no teacher coming into class. After some time, I started reading a storybook and forgot I was still holding the coffee mug. I did not notice the principal get into class, and none of my classmates warned me. All I realized was that someone had forcefully taken the coffee mug from me. When I looked up, the principal was standing right in front of me. The look on his face scared me. He forced me out of class and made me stay out until teatime. I thought that was all but the worst was yet to come. During teatime, he made me stand in front of the entire school and drink about two liters of coffee from a bucket. I had to do this since I did not want to be sent home. I had misbehaved several times the previous semester and had promised my parents to be disciplined. After finishing the coffee, which was the largest amount I had ever drank I became the subject of gossip for the entire week. Some student referred to me as a glutton and even my friends avoided walking with me for the rest of the semester. It was the most shaming and worst high school

Trends In Merchandizing Essay Example for Free

Trends In Merchandizing Essay Over several years ago, manufacturers and retailers have been putting more emphasis and placing increased importance on the in-stock merchandizing and marketing. Since mid 1990s, the effectiveness of traditional marketing has really declined. Also the competition between retailers and channels has been increasing which have been treated as the factors in driving the trend. According to Bishop Willard in October 2002, he noted that more consumers make around 70% of all purchasing decisions while in store shopping. This has been the main reason as to why stores are the new platforms for brand marketing while the difficulties in delivering effective in store solutions for merchandizing increases, and also the need to implement state-of-the art merchandizing software capable of strategizing, planning, visualizing and communicating such solutions arises (Varien 2001, pg 45).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interactive edge in merchandizing has built many interactive sales applications for the top consumer package goods manufacturers for about ten years ago. Since the year 2002, there has been an increase in demand for interactive requests which focused entirely on planning and communicating merchandizing solutions. The ability to create account specific market plans is very crucial because each customer has specialized schedules, strategies, programs, objectives and store and market conditions. Marketing plans are ideally supported by customer and category insights, analysis of promotion that speak in the situation of the customer, sales goals and brand information. The marketing plans that are informed by customer insights and account specific category have greatest impact in setting the stage for activities in merchandizing. In any marketing planning, it is important to implement the existing opportunities and conditions for each customer by first assessing the customer’s current merchandizing solution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Smart bargains have managed thousands of dollars of continual changing inventory on daily basis. The firm’s experienced buyers should act on a moment’s notice to buy a wide range of high quality products at unexpected discounts. At the midst of controlled disorders at the core of this changing business, smart bargains required a solution to enable buyers, senior executives and planners to report and manage future and historical merchandize plans in a responsive, efficient and highly flexible manner. Smart bargains has turned to Envisa to implement and architect a business intelligence suite through use of Microsoft server 200 analysis and Microsoft table in excel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The solution which leveraged merchandizing data mart had been developed during earlier incentive which provided smart bargain with a powerful reporting architecture that untied business users from the need to make complex questions in custom report writing. Merchandizing strategy creation does not imply a complete decorator make over. In order to enhance customers’ image of store, one should perceive his own store the way the customers see it and provide the customers with their requirements. According to research by Russel M who is a retail hardware operator, the consequences of a customer satisfaction survey came up with seven aspects customers want their hard ware stores to play for them. The customers require hardware stores to offer services which are special, make enjoyable shopping, have provision of one stop shopping destination, help them to save time, help them to save money, assist them better to understand d-i-y projects, and also make shopping easy (Phelps 1963, pg 78). At global shop, retail design experts, annual retail design exposition co-produced by design ideas and display conducted studies on why and how today’s consumer shop and also how a store can merchandize its goods so as to best meet the customers requirements. Those designers came up with emerging merchandizing trends to assist the retailers in all firms and industries to provide their customers with the kind of shopping experience they need. It is very important to keep up to date with these trends because as the number of shopping choice in the market grows, clients will find the most enjoyable and satisfying experience for shopping. This is also a better way of reaching ones store’s changing customer base. This includes more shoppers of females and also the next shopper’s generation who would expect more interactive and entertaining shopping experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In order to maintain home improvement shoppers from shifting to other shopping alternatives like big boxes, the internet and mass merchandisers, the retailers require incorporating an updated merchandizing strategy so as to cultivate customer loyalty and sales based on preferences of consumers. Some of the emerging trends, with details on how the home improvement industry is incorporating these trends are outlined below. Accommodation for shopper’s need for entertainment competing with the increasing popularity of increasing sales during an uncertain economy and internet shopping one the only two major factors that drive the today’s trend towards entertainment in retailing according to Schaffner K who is the publisher of design ideas and displays searching for ways to get customers to interact with the produced products is the core of the retail tainment concept, according to Schaffner. He added that this strategy does not hurt while conducting it. Such thinking was behind sears’ new tool territory format which so far has implemented in 131 stores of mall nation wide with around 200 additional stores slated for format incorporation this year (Brand 1963, pg 85).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The tool territory concept was created from consumer’s point of view and its caters to how the stores target clients –male-d-i-years-prefers to stores. The purpose of designing the tool territory was to be an interactive playground for men according to Costello Larry who is a senior manager in communications for sears. He further explains that, sears created a tusk force to research for customer’s requirements and expectations especially when shopping for tools. The study concluded that, individuals want to interact with tools and also experience their features in the stores. In incorporating these hands on approach to buying tools, sears have positioned a strategy of â€Å"try me† stations in several locations within the hardware department. For instance, if a client is deciding which item to purchase, like hammer, he or she can first try it our by hitting it on a free standing metal spike that has been placed in front of hammer display. Prospective buyers of power drills can pick up on the drills displayed outside the boxes on light displays with signed, and use it to make a hole in a well placed block of wood (Shilburg 2003, pg 231).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With all consumer packed goods or items available and the notice able changes in effective displays of merchandizing and the market place promotions, it becomes very hard for a consumer to come up with proper decisions. Manufacturers and retailers should start to cut through this clutter by having simplified shopping experiences the latest research conducted from the information researchers has not covered the early indicators that point to consumer centric approach to emerging merchandizing consequently, merchandizing as it is defined today is likely to undergo major of transformations. By considering the emerging trend, trends report and the latest times and also the growing demand for a consumer centric approach, the world’s largest provider of enterprise market information services and solutions for the customer package goods, health care industries and retail, explores trends in practicing merchandizing, including displays, new practices of innovations like manufacturers embark up on this transformation, customer packaged goods and temporary price reductions. As the retailers reduce the grocery display space, manufacturers require innovative merchandizing devices that should have a stress to the importance of consumer centric merchandizing to provide more profitable rewards in order to feature and complete space during the next several years.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marketers should step up merchandizing innovation in have the shopping experience simplified, to have a break through the clatter and have better alignment with consumer segments and their patterns of shopping. The Information Resources Inc report aimed at helping the consumer packaged goods manufacturers and retailers to see new risks and opportunities that will arise with the new trends of merchandizing so that they can be able to act on the insights with confidence and speed and win at the shelf (Beck man 1967,pg 421).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For the past several years, merchandizing activity has been declining in more than half of all the customer packaged goods categories as the CPG marketers start to realize that, more of anything is not better with respect to merchandizing. Through development of new store formats and pronounced focus on perimeter upscale and departments, uncluttered layouts, a competition for shrinking grocery display space has intensified for various categories. Merchandizing is perceived as an effective sales driver as the majority of consumer categories gain an average volume lift of around fifty percent or more with around 25 percent reacting 100 percent when the tactics of merchandising are applied. References Beckman T, (1967). Marketing. New York. Brand E, (1963). Modern Supermarket Operation. New York. Phelps D, (1936).Migration of Industry to South America. New York. Shilbury D, (2003). Strategic Sport Marketing. Crows Nest. Varley R, (2001), Retail Product Management in Buying and Merchandising. London.

Whiteout in Wyoming :: Rhetorical Analysis Kevin Deenihan Essays

Whiteout in Wyoming This article is a comical recollection of a young college student’s trip to Jackson Hole, Wyoming entitled â€Å"Whiteout in Wyoming†. He uses a journal entry structure and rhetorical appeals to enable his audience to clearly perceive his perception that Wyoming is white. Through his whole vacation there is snow everywhere, and he only encounters one minority, who I kind of got the feeling that the author didn’t consider him a â€Å"real† minority, or a minor enough minority. It is written by a student from the University of California at Berkeley named Kevin Deenihan, who recently took a vacation to his home in Jackson Hole with his family. The article was published in the only intentionally funny journal from UC Berkeley called, â€Å"The Heuristic Squelch†. Most students from UC Berkeley read the journal, but anyone can subscribe. It is also published on the web for those who don’t feel they need six issues every year. The purpose of the article is to inform people who have never been to Wyoming how it is, but it’s mostly to entertain. There are three structures in this argument: chronological, topical, and cause and effect. It is in journal entry style beginning February 21st and spanning for the next five days of his vacation discussing the presence of snow and the lack of minorities in Jackson Hole. It is cause and effect because he spends so many seeing one minority person that when he returns to Los Angeles he is more appreciative of them and tips his cab driver, named Ahmed, extra. He does not use any logic to convince the audience that that Wyoming is white, but uses a deductive argument by generally noting that â€Å"for the past four years we’ve had a blizzard wherever we go skiing†. (Deenihan 2003) Then moving to a more specific Rhetorical Analysis of example, for example, â€Å"It is, in fact, snowing, and we find that a giant cloud has settled over the mountain†. (Deenihan 2003) Then He does build himself up, but not in a way that would make him more credible- quite the contrary in fact. He tells the reader that he is a weather god because clouds follow him wherever he goes. When someone says something like that, it takes away a lot of their credibility. He appeals to the reader’s sense of humor and imagery. He almost immediately attracts the audience by an obscure account of his landscape in the second sentence.

Gods Grandeur :: essays research papers

Relationships between humans and the Divine have been the subject of many authors writings, in fact the very first text ever published was the Bible; the most comprehensive link between the Divine and humans. History is full of examples of people trying to define their relationship with the Divine or lack there of, “Have mercy on me, O God, according to your unfailing love...'; (Psalm 51:1). In the poems, “God’s Grandeur'; by Gerard Manley Hopkins and “Leda and the Swan'; by William Butler Yeats, humans relationships with the Divine is explored. In these poems we see an attempt to capture the obscurity, beauty and knowledge that are ever present in human beings relationships with the Divine. Hopkins and Yeats use a variety of method to express these views and in many ways differ in their attempts to capture this special relationship, but essentially they are trying to explain the same thing: the interconnection between the Divine and humans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In many aspect human and Divine relationships are very obscure, since it is often difficult to remain faithful when God does not appear to be apparent in every day life. Hopkins realizes this, but compels the reader to take a closer look at the splendor of God which surrounds us every day, “The world is charged with the grandeur of God'; (Hopkins). Everything around is full of God’s glory, but one needs to realize that, “God’s glory is hidden except to the inquiring eye or on special occasions'; (MacKenzie, 1981, p. 63). This is represented by the comparison of God’s glory to the shaking of gold foil. Gold foil when viewed from only one angle appears to be dull, but when shaken gives of radiant light, much like lightning. If we limit ourselves to looking for God only on the surface we may actually miss His true radiance because we are unwilling to explore other venues to discover Him. Much like lightning, God’s display of glory can be dangerous and powerful: “The electrical images convey danger as well as power, but their display is rare'; (MacKenzie, 1981, p. 63). The glory of God is present but at the same time is obscure and irregular, we must therefore, strive to see it in our everyday life. Yeats also uses these images of power to portray the obscure nature of the Divine: “A sudden blow: the great wings beating still'; (Yeats).

Amul Case Study

| Amul-GCMMF | â€Å"The Taste of India† to â€Å"Taste of World† | | Project Case International Business SECTION D – GROUP Ashutosh Singh Khushwaha (GL) | 269 Sachin Maan | 175 Frana James | 219 Paran Gupta| 240 Parth Shah | 249 Pratik Upadhyay| Amul: â€Å"The Taste of India† to â€Å"The Taste of World† With a presence in over 40 countries in 2012, Amul has done more than testing its products in the overseas markets. Since its venture into the International markets in late 80s, it has steadily grown in sales and today it has more than Rs. 00 crores revenues from exports. Though the world dairy product prices are increasing constantly and the Government of India has banned the export of Milk Powder since February 2011, Mr. R. S. Sodhi, the Managing Director of GCMMF expects exports to increase by 20% on the back of surging demand. Mr. Sodhi, along with the top management of the cooperative now faces several questions which will define Amul’ s International strategy for the coming years.With the increasing demand and successful venture in overseas markets, should Amul restrict to export and distribution or partner with/acquire other firms in these countries or should it go further towards becoming a global brand by setting up manufacturing and processing plants across the globe? If so, what products should it manufacture and what should be the degree of localization in order to succeed? Should it stick to dairy products or should it look towards the non-dairy food products as well? How will it source milk and other raw materials in these countries with diverse forms of established dairy networks?These are important decisions that need to be made because they will help Amul realize the goal of becoming world’s leading food brand. Major food brands such as Britannia and Nestle are already eating into Amul’s domestic share. The top management has to decide a strategy that will help Amul compete against world class dairy and food brands in Indian market and in the overseas markets. Profile Amul is the world's 18th largest dairy firm with a 0. 5% share in global milk production, according to the International Farm Comparison Network 2011 list.The brand Amul is managed by Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation, GCMMF which has several cooperative dairies operating across the country. During the financial year 2010-11, GCMMF registered a top line growth of 22. 1%, achieving turnover of Rs 9774 crore. Amul is the largest food brand in India and world's largest pouched milk brand with an annual turnover of  US$2. 2  billion  (2010-11). Currently Unions making up GCMMF have 3. 1 million producer members with milk collection average of 9. 10 million liters per day.AMUL is also the largest exporter of dairy products in the country. AMUL is available today in over 40 countries of the world. AMUL is exporting a wide variety of products which include Whole and Skimmed Milk Powder, Cott age Cheese (Paneer), UHT Milk, Clarified Butter (Ghee), Indigenous Sweets, Amul butter, Amul butter milk, Amul pizza cheese, Amul shrikhand, Amulya dairy whitener, Amul fresh cream, Amul fat milk, Amul cheese spread, Sagar Tea and Coffee whitener, Amul ice creams like cassata , cool candy and frostik, Amul milk chocolate and Amul Eclairs.It has also started preparing and selling pizza slices which feature generous portions of Amul cheese. These pizza slices reach the customers through super markets and large departmental stores that have snack counters. It has tied up with Walmart to sell its dairy products, in its shelves, under the brand name of Amul itself. It also has tie-ups with Glaxo, for the production of baby foods. The major overseas markets for Amul are USA, West Indies, and countries in Africa, the Gulf Region, and  SAARC  neighbors, Singapore, Hong Kong, The Philippines, Thailand, Japan and China.Its growth is more than 20% in these markets. Market presence has also gone up by 25 to 30 per cent in some markets such as Singapore, Hong Kong, UAE, the US and Bangladesh. Global Dairy Industry at a Glance: The growth story of the dairy industry in India is centered on the inception of Operation Flood of the 1970s, recognizing the power of cooperative farming giving rise to the GCMMF and the engine behind the whole revolution was the brand Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited). This model helped the dairy farmers to direct their own development by placing control of their resources in their own hands.This cooperative model resulted in making India one of the largest producers of milk and milk products. In terms of the growth of the dairy market projected over the years 2011-2016, India ranks fourth, behind the other BRIC nations, i. e. Brazil, China and Russia. [Exhibit 1] The scenario of the important dairy industries in other countries was not on the similar lines. To think of the expansion plan in terms of geographic location as well as the strategy th at Amul would employ would be dependent on the past and the current nature of the industry in those countries.Dairy Industry in European Union: The European Union, inclusive of 27 countries, is the largest milk producer in the world with Germany and France being the largest within the EU. However, within the EU, dairy production is not uniform due to various government regulations and production quotas in some countries. In Germany, the drinking milk product category is still driven by health and wellness. The drinking milk product category which saw a decline in 2010 by 1% observed a growth in the value sales by the same amount in 2011.In the Eastern European dairy market, Lactalis, becoming the fourth largest player in the region in 2008 with a 3. 3 % value share targeting countries like Croatia, Ukaraine and Czech Republic. Lactalis followed the expansion through acquisition strategy and it is through these intense acquisition activities that Lactalis planned its move into the We stern European countries where it had to make much heavier investments. The Western European dairy market is quite mature as the expected CAGR for these countries is only about 0. % over the span of five years from 2011-16. This market is different from the other markets since they are not driven by milk consumption but the key driving opportunities lie in milk products like cheese, yoghurt and sour milk drinks and thus making these markets more value growth rather than volume growth. Muller Dairy, already competing in the yoghurt and chilled/shelf-stable desserts market in UK is seeking to expand into other fast-growing dairy categories using its existing distribution network and leveraging on the brand amongst the British consumers. Exhibit 2] To gain market share in this mature market, some companies like Kraft Foods used unique marketing strategy of positioning its Philadelphia Cream Cheese both as a spreadable cheese and as a cooking ingredient. This move reignited the growth i n the otherwise mature spreadable processed cheese category. Dairy Industry in Japan: In the year 2004, with 28800 domestic dairy farms, 8. 3 million tons of cow’s milk used to be produced. 60% of this was processed into milk for drinking purposes and the rest was used for consumption as dairy products.The Japanese believed that processing plants must be located close to the source of production since milk, being a perishable good, must be processed and sold when fresh. In 2004, there were 692 processing facilities throughout Japan. Expecting a growth in the consumption of milk products, maintaining a stable supply of safe, fresh milk was viewed as a challenge since it was important to Japanese consumers. To answer this demand for fresher products, a solution was to develop stronger cooperation between dairy producers and processors.However, by 2005, Japan’s aging population had essentially stabilized and the nation was being termed as a â€Å"mature economy†. A s a result of this, the total milk production remained unchanged approximately at 8. 4 million tons. Amul failed to enter the market once in 1994 but succeeded in 2005 when it grabbed a major exports order. GCMMF managing director B M Vyas then said , â€Å"We have had a distributor in Japan since 1994 but no major presence in that country.But a few days ago a delegation from Japan, under the aegis of Agriculture and Livestock Industry Corp (ALIC), visited our facilities at Anand (Gujarat) and were pleasantly surprised with the sheer scale of our dairy operations†. It exports Ghee and Paneer to the country currently with a single major importer. Dairy Industry in Australia: Australia's third largest rural industry is the dairy industry which is also a major regional employer, not only on-farm but also through processing, manufacturing and distribution of a range of high quality products.With about 7950 dairy farms located across Australia, the industry produced 9. 2 billion l iters of milk during 2007-08. The Australian dairy manufacturing sector is  diverse and includes farmer-owned co-operatives, public, private and multinational companies. The Farmer owned co-operatives is no longer the dominant players in the industry as they now account for less than 35% of the entire market share. In 2011, the Australian Dairy market faced another challenge of being considered to be one of the most competitive in terms of retailing the milk products in supermarkets.In January 2011, Coles and Woolworths, two supermarket companies, entered into a price war during which the prices of house brand staples like milk, bread and meat were pushed down. This trend continued for the entire year and as a result the Dairy lobby groups demanded for a mandatory Australian Drinking Milk Code of Conduct to look into such matters. Despite the aggressive marketing efforts, fresh/pasteurized milk registered a growth of only 3%.However, niche products in fresh milk category have eith er retained or have shown significant growth. Around 60% of manufactured milk-products are exported and the remaining 40% is sold on the Australian market. In drinking milk, some 97% is consumed in the domestic market. Cheese products, utilizing around one third of Australia’s milk production in 2010-11, have retained that spot for a few years now. Dairy Industry in Sri Lanka: As a country, Sri Lanka is self-sufficient in terms of all types of animal products except milk products.Their self-sufficiency in dairy products is about 15–20% though that level has been achieved mostly with imported milk powder. Sri Lankan government adopted the open economic policies in the 1970s and since then the consumption of the daily products has increased. Apart from the Northern conflict regions of the country, milk is produced in all the districts. The marketing of milk in Sri Lanka is done through various channels and so becomes very complex. There are individual farmers who sell di rectly to processors, consumers, hotels, cafeterias and canteens * Cooperatives are organized primarily for the purpose of collecting and selling milk to either hotels or processors * The formal, or processed dairy, market consists of small dairy cooperatives, larger local cooperatives, district dairy cooperatives, dairy cooperative unions and networks of collection points and milk chilling centers operated by cooperatives or the main dairy processors Apart from the above mentioned ways, some farmers do not see the need to become members of the farmer societies or cooperatives.There are a few large-scale processors who have organized such farmers to sell their milk directly to them. Amul set up a milk processing plant in Sri Lanka in 2005 producing several products such as sterilized milk, milk powder, yoghurt,etc. It was a 51-49 Joint venture between the GCMMF and the Sri-Lankan government. It handed over the operations completely to the Sri-Lankan government after an year of succe ssful running. Before planning the project, Mr. Verghese Kurien, often called â€Å"the Milkman of India† said, †We are located right in the middle of this milk-deficient region.So, we are planning to take advantage of this. Even China is a potential market in the future†. International Ventures: GCMMF is India's largest exporter of Dairy Products. It has been accorded a â€Å"Trading House† status. GCMMF has received the APEDA Award from Government of India for Excellence in Dairy Product Exports for the last 13 years. The decision of going International: Reasons that lead to the foray of Amul into International Markets * Reduced subsidies on milk products as per WTO guidelines made Indian milk products competitive in international markets.   Significant demand for its products amongst Indian families in foreign markets * Local facility would enable better control over logistics   and cut 45 days of shipping time * Tie up with retail chains like Wal-Ma rt, use established distribution channel * Non-availability of single products like ghee in other markets presented a good opportunity * Long term vision to become a global food brand The problems and issues faced are: * Non-tariff barriers in European countries * Competition with global players Absence of proper distribution channel Export: Main exports products are Amul UHT Milk (Long Life) ,Amul Gold Extra Cream Milk,Amul Taaza Full Cream Milk,Amul Slim and Trim Milk,Amul Pure Ghee,Amul Mithaee Gulabjamun,Nutramul Brown Beverage,Amul Fresh Cream,Amul Kool Beverages,Flavoured Milk,Butter Milk,Lassee,Amulspray,Amul Butter,Amul Shrikhand,Amul Cheese,Amul Malai Paneer,Amul Ice Cream,etc. Despite unfavorable conditions in international dairy market, their export business reached Rs. 133 crores against Rs. 125 crore in 2011.They have further consolidated their growth in consumer products including Paneer, Butter, Cheese, UHT Milk etc. This is extremely encouraging and indicates the hig h trust that the customers place in Amul Brand. They have not been able to export Milk Powder in bulk packing in larger quantity due to fall of world market prices by nearly 50% as compared to previous year. Distribution: Amul’s strategy when it first entered international markets was to use the existing distributors and partner with local companies to market its products.Amul has been in the US since 1998 through Kanan Dairy, which markets Amul processed cheese, pure  ghee, Shrikhand, Nutramul, Amul's  Mithaee Gulab Jamuns  to more than 1,000 ethnic Indian grocery stores in the US through a network of seven distributors. Then Amul identified major supermarket and chain stores as the vehicles overseas to promote Amul dairy products ranging from milk powder, butter, ghee, cheese, butter, ice creams and tinned Indian sweets. As growth through bulk exports was variable, GCMMF opted for sustained growth through retail sales that ensure brand recall and customer loyalty.It s till did not decide on setting up manufacturing and processing plants as it was quiet successful with its marketing and distribution plan for overseas markets. Then Amul identified major supermarket and chain stores as the vehicles overseas to promote Amul Amul sells products through Wal-Mart’s extensive distribution system, having a separate counter for stocking and selling their products. It also has an arrangement with Mustafa supermarket chain in Singapore, Lanka Milk Foods (CWE) Ltd and John Keels chain in Sri Lanka, as also Choithram, Carrefour and Lulu chains in the UAE. Marketing:In India Amul caters to Intelligent marketing. It spends only 1% of Sales turnover on advertising and it is famous to come up with innovative adds. Will it be able to sustain the same strategy in international markets is a very important decision from the marketing point of view for GCMMF. Amul will have to customize its products and look outside the ethnic box to suit the American and other ethnic palates. It simply cannot use its home-ground strategies in the US and expect to make a mark, even if Wal-Mart plans to push the brand only in stores and only in states like New York and New Jersey, where the Indian community is very strong.Competition: While Amul has substantial grip over the Indian market due to its robust supply chain and cooperative business model; the international arena challenges it like never before. In the overseas markets it faces stiffer competition in matching the stringent quality standards of several local and international brands that have well established markets in different countries; in addition to fundamentally understanding these new markets, cultures and their needs. As a brand, Amul faces stiff competition from two major players: Britannia and Nestle.Both these brands have international presence and each seeks to expand its business horizons. Apart from these international brands, it also has to compete with local dairies in different c ountries that sell products at very competitive prices. Nestle: Nestle is  one of the world's leading nutrition, health and wellness company. The  company  was founded in  1866 by Henri Nestle in Vevey, Switzerland, where the headquarters are still located today. It employs around 2,80,000 people and have factories or operations in almost every country in the world. Nestle sales for 2009 were CHF 108 bn.Nestle's relationship with India dates back to 1912, when it began trading as The Nestle Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company (Export) Limited, importing and selling finished products in the Indian market. The Company continuously focuses its efforts to better understand the changing lifestyles of various countries and anticipate consumer needs. The culture of innovation and renovation within the Company and access to the Nestle Group's proprietary technology gives it a distinct advantage in these efforts. It helps the Company to create value that can be sustained over long ter m by offering consumers a wide variety of high quality products.A description of the competitive advantages growth drivers and operational pillars is given in Exhibit 1. Nestle is in a strategic international position because of its presence in many countries and long tradition of innovation. An analysis of sales trading and operating profit by both geography and product line is given in Exhibit 4 and Exhibit 5. Britannia: It is not globally as big as Nestle but it is expanding at a threatening pace and this can be a major concern for Amul. This fact is validated by the following statistics. The company is growing at a steady rate.The company's sales grew at a compound annual rate of 16% against the market, and operating profits reached 18%, between 1998 and 2001. More recently, the company has been growing at 27% a year, compared to the industry's growth rate of 20%. Dairy products contribute close to 10 per cent of Britannia's revenue. Britannia trades and markets dairy products, and its dairy portfolio grew to 47% in 2000-01 and by 30% in 2001-02. Britannia holds an equity stake in  Dynamix Dairy  and outsources the bulk of its dairy products from its associate.On 27 October 2001, Britannia announced a joint venture with  Fonterra Co-operative Group  of New Zealand. It is an integrated dairy company involved in many activities from procurement of milk to making value-added products such as cheese and buttermilk. Britannia planned to source most of the products from New Zealand, which they would market in India. The joint venture also allowed technology transfer to Britannia. In March 2007, Britannia Industries Limited formed a Joint Venture with the Khimji Ramdas Group, one of the largest and the most respected business conglomerates in the Middle East.Britannia and its Associates have acquired a significant stake in Dubai based Strategic Food International Co. LLC and Oman based Al Sallan Food Industries Co SAOG. The two companies are key regional players in the biscuits, wafers and cookies segment in the GCC markets and export their products across the world. Strategic Food International Co. LLC (SFIC) is one of the largest biscuit and wafer manufacturing companies in the Middle East. An ISO and HACCP certified company, SFIC is also a proud winner of the Dubai Quality Appreciation Certificate.It offers a wide spectrum of products under the brand  Nutro, which is a leading biscuit brand in the Middle East. Al Sallan Food Industries Co is one of the foremost companies for the production of cookies, rolls and chocolates. The products are well known under the brand name of  Baker's Pride. Though not directly in the dairy market, Britannia is constantly increasing its presence worldwide. Key statistics about the company performance are given in Exhibit 6. Future Plans: Amul is now all set to consider the decision to setup a manufacturing plant in the United States to specifically cater to the demand for its products in the US and Europe.And then expand to other countries with similar plants so as to decrease its costs. The company intends to start with manufacturing of ghee and paneer and then gradually start manufacturing other products. Amul will have to customize its products and look outside the ethnic box to suit the American and other ethnic palates. It simply cannot use its home-ground strategies in the US and expect to make a mark, even if Wal-Mart plans to push the brand only in stores and only in states like New York and New Jersey, where the Indian community is very strong.Amul has come a long way from 1946 – when it collected only 247 litres of milk a day – to the six million liters of milk per day it now collects from about 10,675 separate village co-operative societies throughout Gujarat. With access to low cost milk, an innovative and  almost ‘just-in-time' supply chain, a ready market among the Indian community and 50 years of understanding milk, Amul can definitely build the ‘taste of India' in the US and other countries. Chairman Mr. PG Bhatol says, â€Å"When we plan to improve productivity as well as production, we also need to keep in mind the markets where such huge quantity of milk will be consumed.We need to explore new opportunities and markets. India has graduated from milk deficit country to largest milk producer in world. However, our exports of milk and milk products still remain insignificant in comparison to the existing players. We have been following the policy of not exporting milk powders to foreign countries so that availability in our country does not get hampered. Opening of export markets would not only serve as outlet for excess of milk produced over the domestic requirements but also will keep the domestic prices stable. We strongly feel that branded milk powders in consumer packs should never be banned.Thus, now when we plan to produce such large quantity of milk, it is imperative to relook at our export polici es. † Amul has come a long way from 1946 – when it collected only 247 litres of milk a day – to the six million liters of milk per day it now collects from about 10,675 separate village co-operative societies throughout Gujarat. With access to low cost milk, an innovative and  almost ‘just-in-time' supply chain, a ready market among the Indian community and 50 years of understanding milk, Amul can definitely build the ‘taste of India' in the US and other countries and then the Taste of the World.Exhibit 1: Top 10 Fastest Growing Dairy Markets 2011-2016 *Passport – Tracking Growth Opportunities In The Global Dairy Market Exhibit 2: Top Five Western European Dairy Market By Absolute Market Value Growth 2011-2016 *Passport – Tracking Growth Opportunities In The Global Dairy Market Table 2: Milk production zones in Sri Lanka Zone features| Dry zone| Coconut triangle| Mid-country| Upcountry & estate| Wet zone & urban|Location  | Dry zone districts in the NC, Northern and Eastern Provinces and parts of Central, Southern and NW Provinces| Intermediate and wet   zone areas of the NW Province, and Gampaha district of the Western Province| Wet   zone areas in the Central Province –Kandy and Matale districts| Nuwaraeliya district in the Central Province and Badulla district in the Uva Province| Districts in the Western,  Ã‚   Southern and Sabaragamuwa Provinces and cities| Animal types| Indigenous cattle, Zebu cattle and crosses, buffalo| Crosses of exotic breeds, Zebu types, crosses of indigenous animals and buffalo| Pure exotic animals and crosses, and Zebu crosses| Pure exotic animals and crosses| Crosses of exotic breeds and Zebu type and indigenous animals and buffalo| Husbandry| Free gazing, or nomadic-type Large herds or sedentary small/medium-sized herds | Medium-sized herds, limited grazing tethered under coconut palms| Small herds, some tethering, stall feeding| Small herds, zero grazing| Limited gr azing, medium-sized herds or small herds, zero grazing| Herd size  | Few: 25 | 5 cows | 2–3 cows| 1–2 cows| 2–3 cows| Average yield| 2. 1 litres/cow/dayTotal 300–400 litres/cow over 180–200-day lactation| 3–4 litres/cow/dayTotal 500–800 litres/cow over 200-day lactation| 2–4 litres/cow/dayTotal 1 300 litre/cow| 6 or more litres/cow/dayTotal 1 700 litres/cow| 3 litres/cow/dayTotal 1 500–1 600 litres/cow| Source: Ranaweera and Attapattu 2006| Exhibit 3 Exhibit 4 Exhibit 5Exhibit 6 Performance of Britannia Exhibit 7 Amul overseas presence References: I. Primary data in the form of Interviews of employees involved with International projects II. Dairy Food Industry Overview in India to 2014-market research report,www. reportlinker. com III. GCMMF Annual Report, Financial Years 2007-2011 IV. Nestle Annual Report,2011 V. http://www. amul. com/m/organisation, 24-Feb-2012 VI. http://articles. timesofindia. indiatimes. com/2011 -03-30/india-business/29361638_1_cheese-amul-britannia-industries VII. Utterly-Butterly amul’s new raod map-CNBC-TV18. html, 26-Feb-2012 VIII. http://www. dairy. co. jp/eng/eng12. html

“Statement of Purpose and Goals” Essays

â€Å"Statement of Purpose and Goals† Essays â€Å"Statement of Purpose and Goals† Essay â€Å"Statement of Purpose and Goals† Essay My name is Mike (last name), and I desire a major in Business Management and Economics. I am also interested in Information Systems and how the knowledge from these fields can be applied to financial and community matters. All people are affected by their business and economic environment, and I will be better equipped to help people in need when I understand this more fully. Learning more about Economics will be an asset for me, because it will make me aware of resources and jobs that are lacking in my area. Business Management will give me the knowledge necessary to create jobs for the needy and find or sponsor the resources they need to function in their daily lives. I enjoy helping people and am also quite comfortable in management and leadership positions, and completing my education in Economics and Business Management will give me more opportunities to use these skills to benefit myself and others. As a result, my academic goals include obtaining a Bachelors, Masters, and Doctorate degree in Economics. Professionally, I plan to work with computers and other information systems. I am already a PC operator and have created websites for several companies and as fund-raisers for flood victims in my country and region. I plan to continue this work and expand my business and volunteer work as I gain more knowledge in my areas of interest. This university will give me the knowledge and experience I need to make a lasting personal and professional contribution to society. After completing your under-graduate Economics courses, I will be able to obtain an entry-level position in the field. By continuing to earn a Masters and then a Doctorate degree, I will be able to either advance my career with an employer or work as an independent consultant. I believe the courses offered here will teach me the skills and knowledge I need to work in the Economics field. Because I have management experience, I also wish to complete your Business Management courses. Expanding my knowledge and practical experience in this field will give me more employment choices and even enable me to start my own organization. Combining Economics and Business Management will open the doors to numerous opportunities that would not otherwise be available to me. I welcome any and all opportunities, and embracing these courses of study will only bring them closer by better qualifying me for jobs in these fields. My extra-curricular activities have prepared me for these fields, as well as university and team work. These activities included editing my high school magazine, building websites and operating PCs, advertising and fund-raising, marketing, volunteering, and participating on a basketball team. While editing my high school magazine, I learned how to get along well with people, the importance of completing work on time, and the administrative aspects of publishing a magazine. In addition, I really enjoy computers and have built websites for several companies, as well as a donation site for my regions flood victims in 2005 and 2006. This also involved fund-raising, advertising,   and marketing in order to increase the amount of money earned for flood victims. Furthermore, I work as a PC operator, which has taught me to follow rules, solve problems, and work with others. These are all qualities needed to succeed at a university. In addition, I enjoy working with others and helping them reach their full potential. Therefore, I volunteered for an organization to teach blind people that they have not done anything wrong to deserve blindness, but that they are all loved and important. Finally, on my high school basketball team, I learned the importance of being on a team reaching a goal. We won the local championship two years in a row. Not only have I participated in competitions, but I have also coordinated and won one. This involved a parade, in which students from different high schools created unique uniforms to wear. The high school with the most original uniforms was the winner. With a team of students, I brainstormed numerous ideas, and our high school was the winner. We were then presented an award by our town hall. Coordinating the parade and uniforms was a valuable experience for me, because it gave me a glimpse of what it might be like to work in a management position later in life. University students come from all backgrounds and many different cultures. I feel I am well-adjusted and able to work with others to achieve goals. I have worked with the blind, the poor and destitute, supervisors, faculty, and even the mayor of my town to accomplish goals. My town is in the Guinness Book of World Records for the largest cake, and the mayor, other volunteers, and I created enough publicity to capture the publics interest. I know that university organizations need funding for their projects and activities, and I want to contribute my informatics and other skills to raise money for their causes. In conclusion, this university will equip me with the knowledge I need to advance in Economics and Business Management. I enjoy learning and working with others. Thus, I look forward to joining your community of students and faculty and growing, learning,  and contributing to the university community.

John Edwards essays

John Edwards essays Jonathan Edwards I found Jonathan Edwards views on God and religion are very interesting. I personally dont really follow a religion. I do believe in a God, a being greater than us, but I find most of Edwards views of God pretty out there. Edwards saw his beliefs as the truth and wanted others to follow in what he considered to be the right path. In certain circumstances I think he was too harsh in his methods of trying to get people to believe what he did. For example his sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God showed God as being very vengeful and unforgiving. He speaks of God as something to fear. Almost any action is a sin and you should live in a constant fear of this greater being that sees all and knows all. I understand that he was trying to make a point that religion shouldnt only be followed in the church but in every where in life, which I understand and agree with. I dont agree with his views of God: the Creator. My belief is that God, the one who supposedly created us, woul d be all loving and understanding. God, if anyone, would understand the mistakes of his creations. But as I disagree with Edwards I also give him a lot of respect for the way he got his point across. The only way to truly get peoples attention is too spark a feeling within them, in this case fear. Edwards does a great job of that in his writing. There is no want of power in God to cast wicked men into hell at any moment. Mens hands cant be strong when God rises up: the strongest have no power to resist him, nor can any deliver out of his hands,. As he stated in his Personal Narrative, I made seeking my salvation the main business of my life, I think he succeeded in that. Wouldnt ones salvation be to believe they know the true way to be saved? Jonathan Edwards writings certain...

Perfect Cocktail Attire for Men and Women With 10 Stylish Outfits

Perfect Cocktail Attire for Men and Women With 10 Stylish Outfits SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips So you've gotten an invitation to a fabulous party and can't wait to go, but one line strikes terror into your heart: cocktail attire requested. What is cocktail attire, even? Never fear, I'll walk you through the guidelines of this dress code for both men and women and provide images of cocktail outfits you can easily recreate on your own. What Is Cocktail Attire? Cocktail attire is a dress code that is often adopted for parties and events that are somewhat fancy but not to the point of requiring full formal outfits. It’s popular for weddings and other special celebrations. There is some variation in what cocktail attire means based on the type of event, but it's generally meant to be fancy without being black tie. Cocktail attire is for fun but formal social events, so you can throw in a little more personality. The point is not to look like you’re going to work. What is cocktail attire for men? It can range from a more casual ensemble of dark jeans, a button up, and a sport coat to a more formal dark suit and tie. Sweaters and sweater-vests over button-up shirts are also acceptable in most cases. What is cocktail attire for women? Options include dresses and skirts with hemlines that fall slightly above the knee, dressy blouses, and pants. Suits for women are also acceptable. Cocktail Attire: Essential Guidelines Follow these guidelines to create a cocktail outfit that's fashionable, comfortable, and perfectly suited for the occasion. Cocktail Attire Rules For Everyone In crafting your outfit for a fancy occasion, you can't go wrong following the following guidelines. When in Doubt, Be More Formal It’s often best to err on the side of more formal if you’re unsure of the exact level of dressiness the event requires. Cocktail attire can be dressed up or down slightly depending on what sort of function you’re attending. If you’re not in a position where you can be assured that slightly less formal cocktail attire is acceptable, dress more formally. It’s more acceptable to be overdressed than underdressed in these situations. Find What’s Comfortable for You Don’t wear something that you think someone else would wear but that feels awkward or uncomfortable to you. For example, if you hate wearing dresses, don’t force yourself to put on a cocktail dress for this event. You can just as easily wear a nice pair of pants with a dressy blouse. Same goes for footwear - if you don’t like heels, wear flats or booties instead. 4 Rules to Know About Cocktail Attire for Men Dressing for formal occasions is generally simpler for men than women, but there are still some rules you should follow in picking out your outfit. Keep It Simple There are certain simple outfits that will always work for cocktail attire, like a well-tailored suit and tie with dress shoes. If you feel a bit lost when dressing for these types of events, stick to the basics. You can’t go wrong with a classic look (which you'll see examples of further on in this guide). No Sneakers or White Socks Don’t wear sneakers to an event that requires cocktail attire. Instead, go for loafers or other types of dress shoes or boots. Also avoid wearing white socks - they’ll stick out like a sore thumb and detract from the neatness of your outfit. It’s best to wear dark socks, ideally ones that match the color of your pants. If you’re feeling more adventurous, you can try some brightly colored argyle socks, but it’s best not to take too many risks if you don’t consider yourself a fashion expert. Prepare for Increased Formality If you think the event falls on the less formal side of things, you can try wearing just a pair of nice pants with a button-up, but you should be prepared to dress more formally if you find yourself feeling out of place. Bring a jacket and tie with you just in case you need to make yourself look a bit more dressed up. Jeans Require a Jacket Sometimes you can wear jeans to events that require cocktail attire, but they should be a dark wash with no rips or other wear marks. If you do opt for jeans, make sure you dress up your outfit by including a jacket. A more informal choice in pants should be balanced out with more formal clothing choices for your upper body. 4 Simple Guidelines to Navigating Cocktail Attire for Women Of course, the standard cocktail attire for women is the cocktail dress, but it can still be hard to know how to accessorize or what to wear if you prefer pants. Check out the rules below to help you pick a fashionable but appropriate cocktail outfit. Accessorize Responsibly It’s best to have just one stand-out accessory rather than going overboard and creating five different focal points within your outfit. If you have a piece of bold statement jewelry that you plan on wearing, keep any other accessories very minimalist. Cocktail attire outfits are supposed to have personality and convey a sense of fun, but they should still make you look classy and put together. Too many loud accessories can make you look a bit tacky. Choose Shoes That Are Fancy, but Not Flashy Dressy sandals, ballet flats, and heels are all acceptable as footwear to go along with cocktail attire. Try not to go overboard with super high heels or shoes that clash with the rest of your outfit and compete too much with other accessories. You also need to be practical - make sure you can move around easily and stand for a long time without feeling like your feet are going to fall off. On the flip side, you should avoid wearing sneakers or flip flops because footwear that is too casual can really mess up the sophistication of your outfit as a whole. More Revealing = Less Loud Short dresses are commonly worn as cocktail attire, but you shouldn’t take this to the extreme. Slightly above the knee is the best place for the hemline to fall, though you can go a bit shorter as long as the dress isn’t excessively revealing overall. Even dresses with cutouts can be acceptable as cocktail attire, but in that case it’s best to stick with solid colors and lengths that don’t make it risky for you to bend over and pick up that hors d'oeuvre you just dropped (five second rule guys, let’s not be wasteful). If you wear a dress with a really out there pattern, that’s fine, but if it’s also skin tight and short, it might not be appropriate for a more formal event. Dress Practically Finally, don’t squeeze yourself into an outfit that makes you feel uncomfortable or that’s totally irrelevant to your personal style. Keep in mind the length of the event and the activities that you’ll be doing throughout. If it’s a wedding, you’re probably going to want to dance. In that case, wear an outfit that allows room for movement and shoes that won’t lead to a broken ankle as soon as the beat drops. Cocktail Attire for Men: Example Outfits Below are pictures of some of the best and easiest to recreate cocktail attire outfits for men. If you're wondering which items you need to purchase for your own cocktail attire, the last section in this guide has a list of cocktail attire staples you should have in your closet. Cocktail Attire for Women: Example Outfits Below are photos of the three most popular cocktail attire outfit combinations for women. Use these photos as inspiration when searching your closet or thinking about which new pieces to buy. Combo 1: Classic Cocktail Dress Combo 2: Pants/Blouse or Jumpsuit Combo 3: Skirt/Blouse Cocktail Attire Basics: Must-Haves for Men and Women Now you have a better idea of what to wear to cocktail party or other formal occasion. The next step is to begin assembling your own cocktail attire. Below are essential pieces you should always have on hand for events that require cocktail attire. For Men Dark or light suit Tie (optional) Button-down shirts (neutral colors are the most versatile) Solid-color sweaters or those with a simple pattern Slacks Blazer Dark socks Loafers or similar shoes For Women Knee-length or slightly above the knee dress Mid-length skirt Button-down shirt or blouse Blazer Flats, heels or sandals

Job Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Job Analysis - Essay Example The Parking and Transportation Office Assistant is required to have a strong inclination towards teamwork as he will be working with supervising staff and other administrative staff for technical and functional assistance. One has to be professional in appearance to keep a good image of the office he represents and to demand respect from the people he deals with. Moreover, the Office Assistant should have the passion for excellent customer service because it is his basic duty to communicate with them. Therefore, with this demand the job requires, the employee should also have the ability to think creatively and critically as well as work independently. He should have the initiative to oversee the organization of the office and its efficient functioning as needed. Attention to detail is required to keep the office run efficiently and smoothly including details to information entered for recording purposes. The Office Assistant should have a good working knowledge of computer software especially Word and Excel for the entry of data gathered during the day. He should have gained a one year experience on general clerical duties. He will be under direct supervision while learning work requirements and responsibilities will widen as one learns to perform basic duties and seem to show mastery of which. Examples of specific duties are as follows: answer phone calls and inquiries regarding parking and transportation services offered by SCHOOL NAME; personally receive customers and attend to their needs and inquiries regarding parking and transportation of the school; type information like inquiries, parking permits sold, permits ordered, parking citations issued and the like; enter data on Word and Excel processors for record keeping; proofread and process documents like general correspondence, forms, memos, and documents from drafts, notes, verbal instructions; process applications, approved parking permits and licenses; collect fees and record

Epidemic of Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Epidemic of Obesity - Essay Example The great number of risks and problems associated with the condition has made it a topic of concern for the entire world. The alarming levels of the condition in the United States have served it to be labeled as an epidemic. There is still a ray of hope and the great thing is that obesity can be solved by each and every one of us making better choices and providing better options for consumers. Obesity is a very widespread problem in the United States of America. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, two third of the people who reside in the United States either suffer from increased weight or obesity with on an average of one third of the population suffering from obesity (Weight Control and Information Network 2010). Another very important finding in the country explores the fact that the vulnerability of the children becoming obese has also increased and the in the last three decades the rate of this condition has increased by more than thrice in the c ountry. The intensity of the issue of childhood obesity can be analyzed by the fact that the issue has come to the notice of the first family and even they have called for efforts to fight against obesity (Laing 2010).

Finance Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance - Case Study Example Relatively tough economic environment. Economic conditions do not seem to be favorable as the overall industry dynamics may not allow the firm to expand at a rapid pace. With overall low prices, it may seem difficult for the firms to actually maintain their margins and effectively generate sufficient cash flows to service their debts. 2. Higher volume of business with limited capacity to meet the demand. It is also critical to note that though business is expanding, the overall capacity to meet this demand is limited. In order to expand meeting the demand, firm, however, has to borrow indicating that its own equity may be low; therefore, the firm’s own internal stake will be limited. It is critical that the capacity should be expanded with higher contribution from the owners with less reliance on debt. 3. Not professionally managed as firm is still a family business. Business does not seem to be run professionally as despite growing, firm has not been able to expand profession ally. The legal character of the firm is still same to be managed by the two individuals with little hiring except drivers. In order to manage the business, marketing side of the business must be delegated to professionals who can better run the firm and let the owners focus on the expansion of business. Analysis Ratio Analysis A closer look at the return on equity would indicate that for year 2002, ROE is higher than the industry average. However, it was lot lesser than the industry average in 2000 and 2001 suggesting that the firm has been able to increase its ROE. However, owners’ capital has remained constant during the period with increasing long term liabilities. ROE can increase due to higher level of debts and it seems that this large increase in ROE during 2002 is also the result of higher level of debt. Overall debt to equity is higher than the industry; however, interest coverage has increased too during last few years. Firm seems to be liquid as its current and ac id test ratios are higher than the industry average, however, higher liquidity position can be due to higher accumulation of accounts receivables on the balance sheet of the firm. Firm needs to improve its collection policy because higher investment into working capital is also a cost and it is a non-productive asset. Efficiency seems to have improved over the period of time as firm’s receivables in days have consistently been reduced. It is, however, important to note that account receivables are on rise which has basically inflated the liquidity position of the firm. Sales and assets growth has been high too, however, asset growth seems to be due to higher cost of the capital expenditure done. Sales have increased too but this increase has been mainly due to business given by one customer. Sales growth in 2001-2002 has been 29.5% down from 219%, however profit has shown an explosive growth. Statement of Changes Sources of Cash Short term Long Term Other Receivables 51.00 Pr epaid Expenses 935.00 Accounts Payable 17,322.57 Loan 30,000.00 Loan 270,000.00 Retained Earnings 58,750.96 Tota Sources 18,308.57 358,750.96 377,059.53 Uses of Cash Accounts Receivables 17,719.31 Net Fixed Assets 270,000.00 Total Uses 17,719.31 270,000.00 287,719.31 89,340.22 Cash Dec 2002 4,230.00 Cash Dec 2003 93,570.22 4Cs of Credit The loan will be collateralized

Environmental effects on bacterial growth Lab Report

Environmental effects on bacterial growth - Lab Report Example The central question for the experiment was: Do environmental factors limit the growth of bacteria. Due to the comprehensive nature of the term environmental factors, I chose to carry an experiment on the effects of temperature, oxygen concentration, osmotic pressure and the availability of nutrients on the growth of bacteria, as they are the major factors that affect the growth of the organisms. My main hypothesis for the experiment was that temperature, oxygen concentration, nutrients availability, osmotic pressure could limit the growth of bacteria and the optimum growth of the organism will be achieved at temperatures of 37 degrees Celsius. This is the core reason for my preference to carry out this experiment and use the stated hypothesis. My knowledge of temperature, oxygen concentration, nutrients availability and osmotic pressure availability or absence are capable of killing most of the organisms including bacteria pushed me to carry out the experiment. Secondly, the knowledge that the bacteria that exist in the polar habitats are different from those that grows in the temperate climates with different pressure and oxygen levels also made me carry out the experiment. During the experiment, different procedures were carried out labeled from procedure A, B, C, D and E. Procedure A was to test the tolerance of bacteria for osmotic pressure, procedures C and D are to examine the use of nutrients. Procedure E was to test oxygen tolerance and use by the bacteria. For procedures A and B, the width of the streak line of growth for each organism is recorded and the rate of growth for each recorded over time. For procedures C and D that are on the use of nutrients by the organism, the turbidity level of each organism is determined qualitatively and a subjective 0-5 range over which turbidity is estimated. Procedure D is done on biofilm formation. After qualitatively determining the turbidity levels qualitatively,

Cultural Tradition and Saudi Female Leadership Assignment

Cultural Tradition and Saudi Female Leadership - Assignment Example Depending on the situation, women reporting a crime or incident might not feel comfortable relaying the information to a man. According to Saudi male officials, there are many reasons why women should not partake in leadership roles. One specific reason has to do with the cultural norms of Saudi society. Women have taken the role as caregiver to their children and because of this roles, it is very difficult for them to advance their careers. Also, according to according to the Islamic religion, women must be submissive to there husband: the husband is the leader or head of the household. Thus, because of this thought, it is difficult for the society to change their views on how women should participate within the community. In fact one of the most significance reasons is the embodied cultural tradition, which is against women’s educational leadership (Ghanim, 2009). The women in Saudi Arabia face many hardships. There are so many hidden cultural rules that when broken by Saudi Arabian women the punishment is always harsh. Thus, women cannot gain the necessary respect needed to achieve or take on a leadership role. According to Saudi traditions, everything related to women should be excluded from men (Chaney and Martin, 2007). Leadership and to be a leader within Saudi Arabia is of great concern to citizens. For this reason, men believe it is best if women do not participate in these leadership roles. Thus, women are not empowered or given a voice. Such a perception and gender stereotypes are still major obstacles to women’s absolute access to leadership positions. Taleb (2010) added that good leadership qualities are not gender-specific. She declared the difference between men and women leadership roles is their authority. What is meant by this is that civil laws in Saudi society do not give women enough rights to be independent and or l ead. Women are also at a disadvantage because they are not allowed to drive and cannot travel without their

Environmental effects on bacterial growth Lab Report

Environmental effects on bacterial growth - Lab Report Example The central question for the experiment was: Do environmental factors limit the growth of bacteria. Due to the comprehensive nature of the term environmental factors, I chose to carry an experiment on the effects of temperature, oxygen concentration, osmotic pressure and the availability of nutrients on the growth of bacteria, as they are the major factors that affect the growth of the organisms. My main hypothesis for the experiment was that temperature, oxygen concentration, nutrients availability, osmotic pressure could limit the growth of bacteria and the optimum growth of the organism will be achieved at temperatures of 37 degrees Celsius. This is the core reason for my preference to carry out this experiment and use the stated hypothesis. My knowledge of temperature, oxygen concentration, nutrients availability and osmotic pressure availability or absence are capable of killing most of the organisms including bacteria pushed me to carry out the experiment. Secondly, the knowledge that the bacteria that exist in the polar habitats are different from those that grows in the temperate climates with different pressure and oxygen levels also made me carry out the experiment. During the experiment, different procedures were carried out labeled from procedure A, B, C, D and E. Procedure A was to test the tolerance of bacteria for osmotic pressure, procedures C and D are to examine the use of nutrients. Procedure E was to test oxygen tolerance and use by the bacteria. For procedures A and B, the width of the streak line of growth for each organism is recorded and the rate of growth for each recorded over time. For procedures C and D that are on the use of nutrients by the organism, the turbidity level of each organism is determined qualitatively and a subjective 0-5 range over which turbidity is estimated. Procedure D is done on biofilm formation. After qualitatively determining the turbidity levels qualitatively,

Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Case analysis - Essay Example Wolfgang Keller, a charismatic graduate from the Harvard Business School, is the managing director of premium brewer Kà ¶nigsbrà ¤u’s Ukrainian subsidiary, Kà ¶nigsbrà ¤u-TAK AE. Before taking his current position at Kà ¶nigsbrà ¤u-TAK, Keller was a strategic planner for a large German food products manufacturer. Within six months he was promoted to general manager of a small subsidiary in Ukraine that was struggling financially. Within his roughly two years spent with the company, he managed to turn it around and create a reputation as a successful hands-on manager. After his short stint as a strategic planner, Keller left the food manufacturer and joined Kà ¶nigsbrà ¤u as managing director of its Ukrainian subsidiary. After three years in this position, Keller made significant changes which dramatically helped increase sales and revenues within the company. By changing the marketing strategy, hiring a new top-management group, restructuring the sales force, and acquiring a fourth brewery in Odessa, he increased earnings by â‚ ¬10 million. Keller loved his job here and took it because he loved the responsibility and challenges it offered. These challenges helped to form Keller’s temperament , personality and business style. One of the main issues in this case is that there are two completely different personalities and management styles between Wolfgang Keller and Dimitri Brodsky. The differences between the two have resulted in a hostile working environment and a negative relationship. Keller’s personality is relationship and task oriented and employee oriented. For example Keller likes to establish trust and relationships with co-workers by motivating them and helping them to perform better. However when it comes to Brodsky he is more coercive. Keller is a highly interactive and hands on leader, whereas Brodsky keeps his distance in his interactions.

Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Debate Essay Example for Free

Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Debate Essay Most wireline phone companies charge more than what youd pay for most alternatives, and some are taxed more as well. There are some locations where getting new wired phone service is prohibitively expensive or even impossible. Long Distance and extra features like Call Waiting are normally included with alternative phones. More Features: Cellular and broadband phones normally include Long Distance, Voice Mail, Caller ID, Call Forwarding and more, usually at no additional charge. They also have Text Messaging and various forms of data service which are unavailable with a landline. Portability: If you move your home more than average (or if its on wheels), your phone and your number can stay with you. There are no installation charges. Temporary Usage: You can have phone service for the season in a vacation home or cabin, or on an extended stay at a hotel or home of a friend or relative without installing a separate line. Internet Access: Your wireless phone can also be your connection to the Internet, either with an internal browser or tethered to your computer, and available wherever there is cellular coverage. Wireless broadband is also available separate from your cellular account. Wi-Fi for Multiple Devices: You can get a cellular modem that provides a wi-fi signal that can connect to up to 5 separate wi-fi devices. Cons: Reliability: Wired telephone services have come as close to 100% reliable as is practical. Their network has substantial power backup, redundant circuits and years to get it right. Alternatives are improving but their networks can vary significantly. Cell sites and other communications nodes have a limited amount of backup power. In an extended power outage, such as after a hurricane or snowstorm, the service may not work, leaving you with no service. Corded phones work in power failures. Cable phones also have a lower level of reliability. Sound Quality: Some alternative phones dont sound the same or as good as a landline. While your alternative phone may sound fine to you, it may be difficult for others. Also, some broadband phone services just dump their audio into the Internet resulting in widely varying data travel times giving you significant sound delays. Lack of Service: You may be in a location where there are no wireless broadband alternatives or may have poor cellular coverage. This might be rectified by adding a cell site to your home. Broadband Speeds: While there are some fairly fast wireless broadband connections, it may be some time before they will compare to wired or cable connections. Malfunctions: Cell sites can stop working for various reasons. Repairs often need to be made on site and may take time. Broadband services require one or more pieces of equipment at your house which you will need to fix if it fails. Wireline equipment can normally be repaired at the central office. Murphys Law says breakdowns will happen at the worst possible time. You Have No Backup: Unless you have an extra cellular phone, if something happens to your main phone or its associated equipment, or your account, you cant just plug another phone into the wall. Inconvenience: Some alternative services only offer a single jack for one phone. If you want service throughout the house you either must go wi-fi or cellular. Otherwise, plan on using the phone near your computer or router. With a cell phone you need to keep it close to you if your home is large or on multiple floors. (The Unwired Home) There are companies that offer the best of both worlds of fixed line and cellular communications. These are just some of the included services offered by the number 1 provider; 1. Price If you plan to use Skype just for calling other Skype users, then it’s free you can even have a small online meeting. Skype also lets you video conference with another person using the free plan. The only drawback is that you cant have a larger video conference on the free plan, as you can only hold a video call with one user at a time. There are no monthly fees to pay, unless you’ve chosen a monthly plan. You can also save on your phone bill by inviting other people who you need to call often to join Skype too. If you prefer to call on a landline or cell phone, you have the option to choose a pay-as-you-go plan, which charges a small amount for these kinds of calls if you call international numbers often, using Skype could work out cheaper than using your office phone. 2. Ease of Use Skype is very easy to install, set-up and begin using. It has a really user-friendly interface that anyone, regardless of their level of tech knowledge, can learn to use. Adding new contacts, sending instant messages and placing calls are all done with the click of a button. It’s also very easy to know if Skype was set up correctly, as the tool has a test call number where users can check if their audio and microphone are working properly. This is great, as there is no guessing whether Skype was installed correctly or not. 3. It is where you are With a number of Skype versions available, you can use it anywhere, from virtually any device. Whether you’re on your office computer, laptop, tablet computer, or smartphone, you can have Skype with you and make free or cheap phone calls from anywhere in the world. This is especially handy if you need to be out and about often for your job, as you can still hold your regular calls from wherever you are via Skype, as long as you’re connected to the Internet. There’s no need to postpone calls just because you’re away from your desk. This is a huge benefit for small businesses as there usually isnt a large number of staff available to take or make important calls at all times. 4. Reliability In the early VoIP days, call quality was bad and calls got dropped often. This kind of technology wasn’t an option for businesses as not only it was very annoying to have calls drop all the time, but it was unprofessional to choose such bad quality services. However, VoIP has improved greatly since then and Skype is very reliable. As long as your Internet connection is stable, you can expect your call won’t get dropped. Furthermore, if the Internet connection is bad for any of the parties, Skype will inform users of that, so they know that the call might get dropped. Skype also encourages users to rate their calls when they’re done, and Skype is continuously improving the reliability of the service. 5. Call quality As a small business, it’s important to choose inexpensive services that are of high quality this is where Skype really delivers. Calls both to other Skype users and landlines are crystal clear, so long as the caller has a good headset with a high quality microphone. Calls to landlines and cell phones get connected quickly, and don’t usually suffer from problems such as echoing or words getting cut off. For the most part, it’s as if users are talking to someone just next to them. And whats better than that for establishing strong and long-lasting business relationships? (Warren)

Overview of india real estate

Overview of india real estate India Real Estate is the second largest industry next only to agriculture in terms of the contribution it makes to the gross domestic product (GDP) and the employment generation. Moreover, its share of contribution to the countrys GDP is expected to increase only in the years to come. The GDP contribution of this sector at current prices is approx. 6.5% or Rs.1, 37,000 crores i.e., over 30 billion US dollars. Similarly the commercial property market has compounded annual growth rate of over 30% during the last 5 years across major cities in India along with a phenomenal increase in demand for office space. To be more precise, the next five years will see a rise of six percent from its present share of five percent contributed towards the GDP.   The size in terms of total economic value of real estate development activity of the Indian real estate market is currently US$40-45bn (5-6% of GDP) of which residential forms the major chunk with 90-95% of the market, commercial segment is distant second with 4-5% of the market and organized retail with 1% of the market. Over next five years, Indian real estate market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 20%, driven by 18-19% growth in residential real estate, 55-60% in retail real estate, and 20-22% in commercial real estate. According to a report, India is one among the four countries (the other three being Brazil, Russia and China) that are likely to achieve a much faster growth rate in the domain of property development and housing construction activities as compared to the UK and US real estate markets. The BRIC report, as it is called, has also projected a higher real estate investment over a period of the next five years. The forecast for the year 2010 has put a significant portion of the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) towards investment in the Indian real estate market.   With around 1.1 billion people, India is the second most populous country after China and it is expected to overtake it by 2030. Its economic transformation over the past decade has pushed up real GDP growth to an average of 6 per cent per annum since1992. India is emerging as an important business location, particularly in the services sector. Its favourable demographics and strong economic growth make the country an attractive place for property investors, given that demand for property is determined chiefly by business development and demographic trends. Historically, the real estate sector in India was unorganised and characterized by various factors that impeded organised dealing, such as the absence of a centralized title registry providing title guarantee, lack of uniformity in local laws and their application, no availability of bank financing, high interest rates and transfer taxes, and the lack of transparency in transaction values. In recent years however, the real estate sector in India has exhibited a trend towards greater organisation and transparency, accompanied by various regulatory reforms. These reforms include: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Government of India support to the repeal of the Urban Land Ceiling Act, with nine state governments having already repealed the Act; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Modifications in the Rent Control Act to provide greater protection to homeowners wishing to rent out their properties; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rationalization of property taxes in a number of states; and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The proposed computerization of land records The trend towards greater organisation and transparency has contributed to the development of reliable indicators of value and the organised investment in the real estate sector by domestic and international financial institutions, and has also resulted in the greater availability of financing for real estate developers. Regulatory changes permitting foreign investment are expected to further increase investment in the Indian real estate sector. The nature of demand is also changing, with heightened consumer expectations that are influenced by higher disposable incomes, increased globalization and the introduction of new real estate products and services. Demand Drivers These trends have benefited from the substantial recent growth in the Indian economy, which has stimulated demand for land and developed real estate across the real estate industry. Demand for residential, commercial and retail real estate is rising throughout India, accompanied by increased demand for hotel accommodation and improved infrastructure. Additionally, the tax and other benefits applicable to Seas are expected to result in a new source of real estate demand. The real estate industry is one of the fastest growing industries in our economy, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate of approximately 30%.(Ernst and Young) A US$ 16 billion industry at present, it is expected to touch US$ 60 billion in the next five years. (Ernst and Young) The sustainability of growth in the real estate industry has its roots in strong demand fundamentals: a. Rapid expansion of the IT/ ITES and business outsourcing industry (including knowledge process outsourcing and clinical testing outsourcing); b. Rising demand in the residential sector, encouraged by rapidly increasing income levels; c. Acceptance of shopping malls as one stop destinations for consumers; and d. Growing popularity of Special Economic Zones as preferred destinations for both manufacturing and service industries. Source: CMIE Industry Reports There is an estimated requirement of 80 million housing units over the next Fifteen years and 200 million sq. ft. of office space over the next five years. With a view to catalyzing the investment required to plug the aforementioned Supply deficits, the Government, has allowed FDI up to 100% under the automatic route in specified real estate development projects, including but not restricted to townships, built-up infrastructure and construction development projects. The investment is permitted subject to compliance with the following guidelines specified in Press Note 2 (2005): Minimum area to be developed under each project would be as under: i. In case of development of serviced housing plots, a minimum land area of 10 hectares. ii. In case of construction-development projects, a minimum built-up area of 50 ,000 sq.mts. iii. In case of a combination project, anyone of the above two conditions would suffice. The investment would further be subject to the following conditions: i. Minimum capitalization of US$ 10 million for wholly owned subsidiaries and US$ 5 million for joint ventures with Indian partners. The funds would have to be brought in within six months of commencement of business of the Company. ii. Original investment cannot be repatriated before a period of three years from completion of minimum capitalization. However, the investor may be permitted to exit earlier with prior approval of the Government through the FIPS. c. At least 50% of the project must be developed within a period of five years from the date of obtaining all statutory clearances. The investor would not be permitted to sell undeveloped plots. Source: Department of Industrial Policy Promotion Press Note 2 (2005) In December 2007, SEBI, the domestic stock market regulator, issued draft regulations clearing the way for introduction of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) in India. This move is also expected to favourably serve the booming property market, by serving as an alternative source for meeting the capital needs of the sector, particularly for builders who otherwise work with internal accruals and high-cost borrowings. Dewan P.N. Chopra Consultants Private Limited Initial Public Offerings have become another popular theme as a means of raising requisite capital in the real estate industry. This has resulted in the creation of a robust marketplace where retail investors can participate in the growth story while also offering ability for promoters and investors to project forward into yet another exit strategy. As a result of the aforementioned stimuli, this industry has been receiving increasing focus from the private equity sector, with PE investments in this industry as a percentage of total PE investments soaring from 14% in 2005-06 to over 32% in 2006-07. (KPMG) It is estimated that more than US$ 5 billion in foreign funds was invested in projects sponsored by rapidly growing developers in 2007. The significant development potential of the real estate industry, coupled with favourable FDI regulations and increasing focus from the private equity sector, has created substantial investment opportunities for real estate companies. As at December 2007, total outstanding investment in 1,885 real estate development projects was US$ 195 billion. (CMIE Industry Reports) As this rapidly growing industry matures into a stable and sustainable economic sector, three key trends, which are likely to shape its future, are emerging: a. Increased focus on execution risks; b. Increased investments in mixed-use development projects with a view to extracting maximum synergic benefits; and c. Syndication among real estate developers on execution of big-ticket development projects, i.e. shift from competition to partnership. Advantage India Why Invest In Indian Real Estate? Flying high on the wings of booming real estate, property in India has become a dream for every potential investor looking forward to dig profits. All are eyeing Indian property market for a wide variety of reasons: Its ever growing economy which is on a continuous rise with 8.1 percent increase witnessed in the last financial year. The boom in economy increases purchasing power of its people and creates demand for real estate sector. India is going to produce an estimated 2 million new graduates from various Indian universities during this year, creating demand for 100 million square feet of office and industrial space. Presence of a large number of Fortune 500 and other reputed companies will attract more companies to initiate their operational bases in India thus creating more demand for corporate space. Real estate investments in India  yield huge dividends. 70 percent of foreign investors in India are making profits and another 12 percent are breaking even. Apart from IT, ITES and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) India has shown its expertise in sectors like auto-components, chemicals, apparels, pharmaceuticals and jewellery where it can match the best in the world. These positive attributes of India is definitely going to attract more foreign investors in the near future. The relaxed FDI rules implemented by India last year has invited more foreign investors and real estate in India is seemingly the most lucrative ground at present. The revised investor friendly policies allowed foreigners to own property, and dropped the minimum size for housing estates built with foreign capital to 25 acres (10 hectares) from 100 acres (40 hectares). With this sudden change in investment policies, the overseas firms can now put up commercial buildings as long as the projects surpass 50,000 square meters (538,200 square feet) of floor space. Indian real estate sector is on boom and this is the right time to invest in property in India to reap the highest rewards. The strong fundamentals of the Indian economy are having a favourable impact on all asset classes of Indian real estate viz. housing, commercial office space and retail and hospitality. In recent years, the growth has spread out to tier-II and III cities as well. High growth in services as well as manufacturing sector has resulted in high demand for commercial and industrial real estate. Further the economic growth has trickled down to the large Indian middle class increasing affordability and affluence. Improving living standards are driving the demand for better quality housing and urban infrastructure. In fact, housing in India is today moving from being viewed as a purely basic need to an aspiration purchase. Though high interest rates coupled with soaring property prices have temporarily impacted affordability of home buyers the demand-supply mismatch and low home loans to GDP ratio in India (a meagre 5 per cent as against more than 50 per cent in US, UK and Germany) are expect ed to fuel demand for housing in the medium long run. The growth of the sector has been complemented by favourable policy changes like liberalisation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) guidelines and significant increase in investment on physical infrastructure. The recent times have also witnessed an evolution of the sector towards greater institutionalisation and corporatisation. With the entry of global players, inflow of foreign capital, evolution of capital markets, geographical diversification and introduction of reforms, the sector has undergone some significant structural changes. Even critical concern areas like transparency in the sector is also improving significantly. The trend is expected to continue in the coming years. Advantage India key points The Indian real estate industry is expected to reach a size of US$ 180 billion by 2020. High growth in the services sector -telecom, financial services, IT ITeS, etc. Growing penetration of mortgage finance into the urban housing finance market. There is a growing demand for affordable housing and high rate of urbanisation. The real estate sector in India is on a rapid growth trajectory. Over a short span of time, the industry has evolved from a highly fragmented and unorganised market into a semi-organised market, with a large number of listed companies. The Indian Government and private developers, realising the growing demand for affordable housing, are strongly focussing on affordable housing. The Government of India has well-drafted regulations for the Indian real estate sector. Market Overview-

Teacher-Student Interaction Essay -- Persuasive Education Learning Pap

Teacher-Student Interaction Being able to determine what teachers expect from students and what students expect from teachers is the key to creating positive classrooms that work. Teacher-Student interaction is a two way street; The students relate to the teachers, and the teachers relate to the students. If teachers develop and build upon self-esteem and mutual respect within their classrooms, the teachers will achieve positive relationships with the students. Many years ago, power relationships and authority figures in our society were clearly defined. Dad ruled the household; moms and kids complied. Bosses ruled the work-place, and the workers who were brave enough to challenge them would lose their jobs. Within this ranking order students were at the bottom. Students ideas and choices were unimportant, they were not heard. Today, all of this has changed, and every person in this society demands equality. Today we are able to speak up and have our needs and wants recognized. In many cases the college studen t is encouraged and expected to be candid in responding to the teacher's ideas, methods, or words. Teachers have to learn how to sidestep their power and allow student to exercise their own personal power in ways that enhance the classroom atmosphere while at the same time satisfying the students individuality. Teachers must allow the students to contribute to the class group in their own unique ways. A student should be encouraged and given the opportunity to participate in the classroom by voicing his /her ideas in a comfortable and non-pressured classroom. Marc Shachtman, a student from Ohio Oberlin College said, "In a course I took last year a maverick student said he agreed with a supreme court justice's view t... ... to get across, you must first let your message be known. Professors should be able to transmit trust to the students, they should create a comfortable and healthy atmosphere in their classroom by allowing the students to be both reactive and proactive in the classroom. This teacher-student interaction will contribute to a more fulfilling learning experience. Works cited Chenney,Lynne. "P.C:Alive and Entrenched" Lunsford Anfrea and Ruszkiewics John. In the Presence of Others.ed. New York: St. p.113,122 Hooks,Bell. "Keeping Close to Home: Class and education" Lunsford Andrea and John Ru S Ruszdiewics. In the Presence of Others.ed. New York: St. p.89,95 Postman,Neil. "The Word Weavers/The World Makers" Lunsford Andrea and John Ruszdiewics. In the Presence of Others.ed. New York St p.133 Hughes Mearns, Creative Power. New York: Dover Publications, 1958.

Legalizing Marijuana Essay -- Addiction, Drug, Marijuana, Weed

Some people say that Marijuana is not additive, some say it is. If it’s known to be both then how can people really know how it affects the body? On an interview with Elvis Duran and the morning show Lady Gaga admitted that she was addicted to marijuana. She was doing 15 joints of marijuana without tobacco in them every day. In Lady Gaga’s life she has been addicted to some type of drug from a young age. She used the analogy of Lilly pad drugs. She would get to the point where she couldn’t go any further with one substance so she would have to go to the next substance. She started doing marijuana on a tour because she was in a lot of pain; she was in so much pain that she was getting depressed. Lady Gaga said that looking back she can see that the pain was her hip, but at the time she didn’t know where it was coming from. She also said that it was to help with her anxiety. She started doing marijuana to stop the pain she would do the drug in the morning an d then sleep it off in the afternoon; she said that she would never do a show high. She decided to speak about it so young people are aware that addiction to the drug is possible, and not a myth. (Wall Street Journal n.p) Marijuana or Cannabis —often called pot, weed, or herb—is a greenish-gray mixture of the dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of Cannabis sativa—the hemp plant, has been used as an instrument to achieve euphoria, a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness, since ancient times. Marijuana has been traced back to the Chinese, dating from 2737 B.C.. From there it went to India to North Africa and then reached Europe around the time of 500 A.D.. In the record of the Chinese emperor Shen Nung the use of marijuana was for medication for rheuma... ... he said â€Å"I would caution against this assumption[that marijuana is the most effective drug for medical purposes] due to the lack of consistent, repeatable scientific data available to prove marijuana's medical benefits.† Works Cited Wall Street Journal. "Lady Gaga Says She's Addicted to Marijuana." YouTube. YouTube, 13 Nov. 2013. Web. 02 Dec. 2013. "DrugFacts: Marijuana." National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). N.p., Dec. 2012. Web. 06 Dec. 2013. Messerli, Joe. "BalancedPolitics.org." - Legalization of Marijuana-Advantages & Disadvantages. Balanced Politics, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2013. "History of Marijuana." Marijuana History. Narconon International, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2013. "Pros and Cons - Medical Marijuana." ProCon.org Headlines. ProsCons.org, 6 May 2009. Web. 06 Dec. 2013. "Pro's of Marijuana Legalization." MarijuanaToday.com. N.p., Aug. 1010. Web. 07 Dec. 2013.

Communication Ia

INTRODUCTION For this Portfolio, the theme I chose was ‘Peer Pressure in Sport'. Even though Peer Pressure is a broad topic, personally, I chose this theme because of my observations and experiences developed due to my involvement in sports and with other athletes. This topic can assist my academic background by showing me how to deal with people. It can also help me with my future career of being a professional rugby player where I can learn to cope and deal with issues that may come my way. This theme would be portrayed in a short dialogue where it would be analyzed and discussed.A dialogue about a group of youths who are given an opportunity to show their talent where only seven players were needed. This caused a player to stop the sport because he wasn't chosen. This genre was chosen because in my view, the theme was placed in a context where the reader can read and understand the points that would be brought forward without having to read between the lines. For my Exposito ry, the Primary Source that would be used is a Questionnaire and the Secondary Source would be a website, www. bbc. com. These sources would assist my investigation and my research question. PREFACEPeer Pressure is the influence exerted by a peer group or an individual, encouraging other individuals to change their attitudes, values or behaviors in order to conform to group norms. This reflective is exhibited in as a dialogue because I believe that readers may better understand the concept when placed in a real life situation. This piece shows a group of teenagers from around the neighborhood, mainly footballers, who are subjected to pick their best six players and a keeper for a tournament. The setting of the dramatic piece is taken in a neighborhood.This piece was produced and intended for a teenage audience who participate in sport activities or teenagers who watch sports. The type of language used in the reflective would allow them relate to the situation and also allow a little comic relief. This piece is expected to target the specified audience because of the negative and positive impacts on youths. They can also relate to experiencing or observing this type of situation or one similar in any sport they play or that they would like to play. This dialogue can be used at a school or at a presentation amongst teenage athletes.This would allow them REFLECTIVE Scene 1 This scene begins on the corner of Tern Drive. This occurs in the evening time when the youths of the neighborhood usually come out their houses to hang out. Kerry: Wah going on fellas? Wats d vybz. Jody: I’m alright and you? Keevyn: I just dey for d while. Curtis: Wats the plan tonight fellas? Sweat awa? Brian: Yeah, I for dat. Allyuh hadda call out d rest ah them though. Five ah we cyah sweat alone. Kerry: Yeah boi Keevyn. You have d bike so start pedaling cuz I not walking. We would meet ur on d field. Keevyn: Steupzz, always doing me this yes.Waheva, I would meet allyuh on d field. ( Everyone departs, Keevyn on his bike to call out the others and the rest walking away to the field. ) Scene 2 On the field the friendly game of football begins. It goes on for a while, while other guys appear to partake in the custom. An unknown man also appears to watch the game. After a shot was taken wide of the goal he calls in everyone. Mr. Mac: Youths Come! Come! May I have a few seconds of your playing time? Kerry: Wam pops, what you want? I hope is not any Jehovah witness thing. (Everyone laughs) Mr. Mac: No , my name is Mr.Mac I want to place an offer for you young footballers. Curtis: Well hurry up. Talk fast cuz d lights does come off ten. Mr. Mac: I am hosting a tournament in the indoor facility in Chaguanas. It is six and a keeper tournament but it’s only one more side I need. So choose your best six and let me know. The prize is $6,000. 00 and free to enter. (They all become enthusiastic about it and start talking amongst themselves. ) Kerry: Aite fellas. All ah we look interested, so we for it. Jody: Well I guess Keevyn would be the goalkeeper because he is very good in the goal post.Keevyn: Waheva, don’t matter to me. Just choose a good side cuz if I get more than 3 I walking off. Kerry: Aite, the side is me, Keevyn, Curtis, Jody, Brian, Beans and Muscle Frog. Che: So what bout me? I way better dan Beans. He is rel filth and he rel slow. Brian: Nah Che. Beans having ting. He is a good playmaker. He could reach rel far dawg. You on the other hand should stop play football on a whole. Imagine you on d reserve side for Couva Sec. relax dawg. Khellon: (laughing scandalously) You have one seta cricketers starting before you. Best you really stop yes. Che: Steupzz forget allyuh boy dan.I going home. That why allyuh not going to win anything. (Che walks off very angrily talking to himself and kicking the floor. ) Mr. Mac: OK. Enough with that petty squabble. Here is my card, (He hands Kerry the card) and you can call me to register the n ames of the players you have chosen. I have some more pressing matters to attend to so my time is short. Good Bye for now. (Mr. Mac makes his departure and the boys go back to play football. ) Scene 3 The team they carried to the tournament won it and some of the players were scouted for Pro League teams.They all came out to have their evening sweat a week after for the first time since the tournament. They sent Keevyn to call out the rest of players. Keevyn: Che! Che! Afternoon! Sweat boi. (Che walks outside to his gate) Che: Nah boi, me and football is not no friend again. I realize allyuh men was talking sense last time so forget it. Keevyn: (laughs softly) You serious dan. Waheva dawgie you do your ting. Che: Yea boi allyuh is rel fake friend. (Che walks back inside his house while Keevyn rides away to call out the rest of the players. (Keevyn reaches the field already sweating to meet some of the guys juggling the ball. ) Keevyn: Eh allyuh know d youth man really stop play foot ball. Jody: Who are you talking about? Keevyn: Che boi! D man say we was telling d truth when Mr. Mac was here. So he really stops play football. Kerry: (With a puzzled look on his face) Hmm. He cyah be serious. Waheva yes. Forget bout he. If he cyah take talk, football is really not for him. Jody: So are we going to stand and talk for the rest of the night or play football? Everyone realizes then run unto the field to begin the match. ) ANALYTICAL This analysis is written to show the different aspects of communication. The genre of work that would be analyzed is a dramatic piece. The aspects of communication that would ensure a proper analysis are the registers used and the dialectal variations exhibited. The reflective was written to give off a comedic effect to try to keep the intended audience alert and not bore them, but also put across the points that were needed to show them situation at hand.It was also written presupposing that the readers have encountered or will encounter experiences to which they can relate and base their discernment upon the devices employed in the piece. Throughout the piece, an informal register was used amongst the youths of the neighborhood. This can be shown because of the types of slangs used. Register is the kind of language used that is appropriate to a particular context or situation. For example â€Å"Wah going on fellas? Wats d vybz? † This type of language was used because of how they have been friends for a great period of time and that they play football together.However, a more formal tone is exchanged between Mr. Mac and the youths, e. g. â€Å": Youths Come! Come! May I have a few seconds of your playing time? †. This level of formality is due to the fact that Mr. Mac was meeting them for the first time. Mr. Mac and Jody are the only two characters who spoke Standard English and applying the acrolect variation. Mr. Mac’s use of the language may have been because of his social status or that he wanted to sound as if he actually does have status to promote his tournament. It may have also been because he was well educated.Jody, however, may have just grown up in an environment where the language he speaks is favored more, seeing that he speaks the language even in an informal setting. The rest of the characters spoke a more basilect variation of the language. This may have been because of the setting and that they are comfortable with the language they speak or that they came from a lower class. Many of the youth’s speech contained typical creole structure such as the replacement of the ‘th’ with the ‘d’ as shown in the example â€Å"Eh allyuh know d youth man.. †. Communication Ia INTRODUCTION For this Portfolio, the theme I chose was ‘Peer Pressure in Sport'. Even though Peer Pressure is a broad topic, personally, I chose this theme because of my observations and experiences developed due to my involvement in sports and with other athletes. This topic can assist my academic background by showing me how to deal with people. It can also help me with my future career of being a professional rugby player where I can learn to cope and deal with issues that may come my way. This theme would be portrayed in a short dialogue where it would be analyzed and discussed.A dialogue about a group of youths who are given an opportunity to show their talent where only seven players were needed. This caused a player to stop the sport because he wasn't chosen. This genre was chosen because in my view, the theme was placed in a context where the reader can read and understand the points that would be brought forward without having to read between the lines. For my Exposito ry, the Primary Source that would be used is a Questionnaire and the Secondary Source would be a website, www. bbc. com. These sources would assist my investigation and my research question. PREFACEPeer Pressure is the influence exerted by a peer group or an individual, encouraging other individuals to change their attitudes, values or behaviors in order to conform to group norms. This reflective is exhibited in as a dialogue because I believe that readers may better understand the concept when placed in a real life situation. This piece shows a group of teenagers from around the neighborhood, mainly footballers, who are subjected to pick their best six players and a keeper for a tournament. The setting of the dramatic piece is taken in a neighborhood.This piece was produced and intended for a teenage audience who participate in sport activities or teenagers who watch sports. The type of language used in the reflective would allow them relate to the situation and also allow a little comic relief. This piece is expected to target the specified audience because of the negative and positive impacts on youths. They can also relate to experiencing or observing this type of situation or one similar in any sport they play or that they would like to play. This dialogue can be used at a school or at a presentation amongst teenage athletes.This would allow them REFLECTIVE Scene 1 This scene begins on the corner of Tern Drive. This occurs in the evening time when the youths of the neighborhood usually come out their houses to hang out. Kerry: Wah going on fellas? Wats d vybz. Jody: I’m alright and you? Keevyn: I just dey for d while. Curtis: Wats the plan tonight fellas? Sweat awa? Brian: Yeah, I for dat. Allyuh hadda call out d rest ah them though. Five ah we cyah sweat alone. Kerry: Yeah boi Keevyn. You have d bike so start pedaling cuz I not walking. We would meet ur on d field. Keevyn: Steupzz, always doing me this yes.Waheva, I would meet allyuh on d field. ( Everyone departs, Keevyn on his bike to call out the others and the rest walking away to the field. ) Scene 2 On the field the friendly game of football begins. It goes on for a while, while other guys appear to partake in the custom. An unknown man also appears to watch the game. After a shot was taken wide of the goal he calls in everyone. Mr. Mac: Youths Come! Come! May I have a few seconds of your playing time? Kerry: Wam pops, what you want? I hope is not any Jehovah witness thing. (Everyone laughs) Mr. Mac: No , my name is Mr.Mac I want to place an offer for you young footballers. Curtis: Well hurry up. Talk fast cuz d lights does come off ten. Mr. Mac: I am hosting a tournament in the indoor facility in Chaguanas. It is six and a keeper tournament but it’s only one more side I need. So choose your best six and let me know. The prize is $6,000. 00 and free to enter. (They all become enthusiastic about it and start talking amongst themselves. ) Kerry: Aite fellas. All ah we look interested, so we for it. Jody: Well I guess Keevyn would be the goalkeeper because he is very good in the goal post.Keevyn: Waheva, don’t matter to me. Just choose a good side cuz if I get more than 3 I walking off. Kerry: Aite, the side is me, Keevyn, Curtis, Jody, Brian, Beans and Muscle Frog. Che: So what bout me? I way better dan Beans. He is rel filth and he rel slow. Brian: Nah Che. Beans having ting. He is a good playmaker. He could reach rel far dawg. You on the other hand should stop play football on a whole. Imagine you on d reserve side for Couva Sec. relax dawg. Khellon: (laughing scandalously) You have one seta cricketers starting before you. Best you really stop yes. Che: Steupzz forget allyuh boy dan.I going home. That why allyuh not going to win anything. (Che walks off very angrily talking to himself and kicking the floor. ) Mr. Mac: OK. Enough with that petty squabble. Here is my card, (He hands Kerry the card) and you can call me to register the n ames of the players you have chosen. I have some more pressing matters to attend to so my time is short. Good Bye for now. (Mr. Mac makes his departure and the boys go back to play football. ) Scene 3 The team they carried to the tournament won it and some of the players were scouted for Pro League teams.They all came out to have their evening sweat a week after for the first time since the tournament. They sent Keevyn to call out the rest of players. Keevyn: Che! Che! Afternoon! Sweat boi. (Che walks outside to his gate) Che: Nah boi, me and football is not no friend again. I realize allyuh men was talking sense last time so forget it. Keevyn: (laughs softly) You serious dan. Waheva dawgie you do your ting. Che: Yea boi allyuh is rel fake friend. (Che walks back inside his house while Keevyn rides away to call out the rest of the players. (Keevyn reaches the field already sweating to meet some of the guys juggling the ball. ) Keevyn: Eh allyuh know d youth man really stop play foot ball. Jody: Who are you talking about? Keevyn: Che boi! D man say we was telling d truth when Mr. Mac was here. So he really stops play football. Kerry: (With a puzzled look on his face) Hmm. He cyah be serious. Waheva yes. Forget bout he. If he cyah take talk, football is really not for him. Jody: So are we going to stand and talk for the rest of the night or play football? Everyone realizes then run unto the field to begin the match. ) ANALYTICAL This analysis is written to show the different aspects of communication. The genre of work that would be analyzed is a dramatic piece. The aspects of communication that would ensure a proper analysis are the registers used and the dialectal variations exhibited. The reflective was written to give off a comedic effect to try to keep the intended audience alert and not bore them, but also put across the points that were needed to show them situation at hand.It was also written presupposing that the readers have encountered or will encounter experiences to which they can relate and base their discernment upon the devices employed in the piece. Throughout the piece, an informal register was used amongst the youths of the neighborhood. This can be shown because of the types of slangs used. Register is the kind of language used that is appropriate to a particular context or situation. For example â€Å"Wah going on fellas? Wats d vybz? † This type of language was used because of how they have been friends for a great period of time and that they play football together.However, a more formal tone is exchanged between Mr. Mac and the youths, e. g. â€Å": Youths Come! Come! May I have a few seconds of your playing time? †. This level of formality is due to the fact that Mr. Mac was meeting them for the first time. Mr. Mac and Jody are the only two characters who spoke Standard English and applying the acrolect variation. Mr. Mac’s use of the language may have been because of his social status or that he wanted to sound as if he actually does have status to promote his tournament. It may have also been because he was well educated.Jody, however, may have just grown up in an environment where the language he speaks is favored more, seeing that he speaks the language even in an informal setting. The rest of the characters spoke a more basilect variation of the language. This may have been because of the setting and that they are comfortable with the language they speak or that they came from a lower class. Many of the youth’s speech contained typical creole structure such as the replacement of the ‘th’ with the ‘d’ as shown in the example â€Å"Eh allyuh know d youth man.. †.